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西德《科学概观》1979年12期刊登一篇文章,题为《西德尼德艾希巴赫核电站的首次拆卸计划》,摘译如下。任何一座核电站都不是永存的,它最多运行40年。核电站的退役主要有两种原因:一是达到了预先规定的运行寿命。它主要是由反应堆各系统和堆部件的材料性能变化来决定的,如材料疲劳,腐蚀和由于中子辐射使材料脆化等;二是发生了事故。运行较长时间的核电站一旦出事故以后可能出于经济
An article was published in West Germany’s “Science Overview” in the 12th issue of 1979 entitled “The First Demolition Plan for the Sidney Eichbach Nuclear Power Plant.” No nuclear power station is permanent. It can operate for up to 40 years. There are two main reasons for the decommissioning of a nuclear power plant: First, the pre-specified operating life is achieved. It is mainly determined by changes in the material properties of reactor systems and stack components, such as material fatigue, corrosion, and embrittlement due to neutron radiation; second, an accident has occurred. Nuclear power plants that have been operating for a long time may be out of business after an accident