前言中规模集成电路是在小规模集成技术基础上发展起来的功能部件。一般认为在一块半导体片子上制作10～100个门电路的就称为中规模集成电路;制作100个以上门电路的称为大规模集成电路。采用中规模集成电路的电子系统有以下几个特点: (1)数字系统的装配密度增加,机械结构简化,体积缩小。(2)一块中规模集成电路的平均失效时间和小规 INTRODUCTION Large-scale integrated circuits are functional components developed on the basis of small-scale integration. Generally believed that in a semiconductor film on the production of 10 to 100 gate circuit is called the scale of integrated circuits; making more than 100 gate circuits called large scale integrated circuits. Electronic systems using medium-scale integrated circuits have the following features: (1) digital system assembly density increases, the mechanical structure is simplified, the volume is reduced. (2) average failure time and small gauge of a large-scale integrated circuit