在面向21世纪的历史进程中,国有企业的改革和发展正进入攻坚阶段,一系列深层次的矛盾和问题有待解决。国企既存在着“人多、债多、负担重”的三个历史性难题,也面临着三个更大的新课题:“产权制度改革滞后,活力不足”;“分配机制不清,引不进留不住人才”;“自主创新能力薄弱,竞争力不强”。对此,我们一定要有十分清醒的认识,必须切 In the historical process facing the 21st century, the reform and development of state-owned enterprises are entering a crucial stage. A series of deep-rooted contradictions and problems have yet to be solved. State-owned enterprises not only have three historic problems such as “many people, many liabilities and heavy burdens”, but also face three bigger new topics: “the reform of property rights system lags behind and vitality is inadequate”; the distribution mechanism Unclear, lead to retain talent “; ” weak ability of independent innovation, competitiveness is not strong ". In this regard, we must have a very clear understanding and must be cut