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针对深部构造应力作用下煤巷“肩角锚杆破断”问题,建立肩角锚杆力学分析模型,分析煤帮沿顶板滑移对锚杆的作用,得到肩角锚杆的受力、变形特征,揭示深部构造应力区煤巷肩角锚杆破断机制,即在煤帮沿顶板的滑移剪切力作用下,杆体发生弯曲变形,且构造应力越大,弯曲变形越严重;肩角锚杆在煤岩层交界面处受到的剪力最大,而使得锚杆在交界面处易被剪断。针对深部构造应力区煤巷肩角锚杆破断问题,提出“控让耦合支护”围岩控制技术,并成功应用于工程实践。
In view of the problem of “breakage of shoulder anchor” in coal roadway under deep tectonic stress, the mechanical analysis model of shoulder anchor was established, the effect of coal gangway sliding along the roof on the anchor was analyzed, the force of shoulder anchor was obtained, Deformation characteristics of deep coal seam, revealing the mechanism of bolt breakage at the shoulder of coal roadway in deep tectonic stress zone. That is to say, under the action of slip shear force along the roof of coal seam, the rod body undergoes bending deformation, and the greater the structural stress is, the more severe the bending deformation is. The rock bolt receives the most shearing force at the coal rock interface, which makes the rock bolt easy to be cut at the interface. In order to solve the problem of bolt breakage at the shoulder of coal roadway in deep tectonic stress zone, this paper puts forward the control technology of surrounding rock with controlled coupling and supporting, and has been successfully applied in engineering practice.