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为了建立各种面神经损伤的实验动物模型，对６８只家兔１３６侧面神经颊面干分别造成暴露、牵拉、挤压、压榨及切断后吻合与不吻合６种损伤，于伤后不同时间取材，切片行Ｂｏｄｉａｎ及Ｗｅｉｌ染色，光镜下观察神经轴突、髓鞘、Ｓｃｈｗａｎｎ细胞及神经纤维周围结缔组织的变化。结果表明，暴露可造成神经Ⅰ度损伤；挤压、牵拉、压榨可造成Ⅱ～Ⅲ度损伤；神经断裂后不吻合者预后明显较吻合者差。神经受损后的病理改变，在中、重度损伤与神经电图变化相一致，而轻度损伤及严重损伤后期两者可能不一致。伤后１５天为临床评价面神经功能恢复的最佳时间。神经受损面积对髓鞘病变影响明显，而损伤性质及程度对轴突病变影响明显。该动物模型的建立为深入进行面神经损伤及修复的研究提供了条件。
In order to establish various experimental animal models of facial nerve injury, sixty-six rabbits were exposed to the buccal surface of the lateral buccal sulcus, exposed, pulled, squeezed, crushed and severed six kinds of injuries after incision and seizure , Sections were stained with Bodian and Weil stains, and the changes of nerve axons, myelin sheaths, Schwann cells and connective tissues around nerve fibers were observed under light microscope. The results showed that exposure could cause I degree of nerve damage; extrusion, traction, squeezing can cause Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ degree of injury; Pathological changes after nerve injury, in the moderate and severe injury consistent with changes in neuroelectrical, and mild injury and severe injury late may be inconsistent. 15 days after injury for the clinical evaluation of facial nerve function recovery the best time. Nerve damaged area of myelin lesions significantly affected the nature and extent of injury axon lesions significantly affected. The establishment of this animal model provides the conditions for the further study of facial nerve injury and repair.