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区域经济发展的不平衡必然使得区域铁路运输具有差异性。利用1978~2005年的铁路运输数据,采用重心模型、变异系数和加权变异系数,从客运量、客运周转量、货运量和货运周转量4个方面,对中国铁路运输的区域差异进行了统计分析和评价。结果发现:1.客运量重心在逐步向西南方向移动,其中向西移动了2经度,向南移动了2.6纬度;铁路客运量区域差异在逐步减小。2.客运周转量重心呈直线形逐步向西南方向移动,其中,重心向西移动了2.3经度,向南移动了2.9纬度;铁路客运周转量区域差异整体上呈减小趋势,但其中波动较大,可以划分为5个阶段。3.货运量重心波动较大;货运量区域差异在逐渐增大,而且区域差异的增长幅度明显加大,两极分化越来越严重。4.货运周转量重心变化轨迹略呈指数型;货运周转量区域差异呈先减小后增大的趋势,2000年以前区域差异在减小,2000年以后区域差异在增大。
The imbalanced development of regional economy inevitably leads to the difference of regional railway transportation. By using the railway transportation data from 1978 to 2005, this paper uses the center of gravity model, the coefficient of variation and the weighted coefficient of variation to analyze the regional disparities of China’s rail transport from four aspects: passenger traffic, passenger traffic volume, freight volume and freight traffic volume And evaluation. The main findings are as follows: 1. The center of gravity of passenger traffic gradually moves to the southwest, with 2 longitudes moving westward and 2.6 latitudes southward. The regional differences of railway passenger traffic are gradually decreasing. 2. The center of gravity of passenger traffic moved linearly to the southwest in a straight line. The center of gravity shifted 2.3 longitudes to the west and 2.9 latitudes to the south. The regional differences in railway passenger transport volume generally showed a decreasing trend, but the fluctuations were larger , Can be divided into five stages. 3. The center of gravity of shipments fluctuated greatly; the regional disparities of freight volume gradually increased, and the growth of regional disparities was obviously increased and the polarization became more and more serious. 4. The trajectory of freight turnover center of gravity is slightly exponential. The regional differences of freight traffic volume first decreases and then increases. Before 2000, the regional differences are decreasing, and the regional differences are increasing after 2000.