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本文利用贸易品技术附加值指数和相对技术附加值高度对中国出口贸易的技术水平进行了测定。本文提出的贸易品技术水平和贸易结构的测定方法剔除了时间变化趋势,是对现有方法的改进和扩展。中国的比较优势主要体现在纺织服装和机械设备方面,竞争劣势体现在高附加值的化学品和商业服务方面。1995～2007年,中国出口贸易的整体技术水平得到了不断提高,并于2006年之后超过世界平均水平;中国出口贸易结构不断升级,表现出向发达国家靠近的趋势。
In this paper, the technological level of China’s export trade has been measured by using the value-added of technology goods added value of tradable goods and the relative value of technology added value. The method of measuring the technical level of trade goods and trade structure proposed in this paper eliminates the trend of time change and is an improvement and expansion of the existing methods. China’s comparative advantage is mainly reflected in the textile and clothing and machinery and equipment, the competitive disadvantage is reflected in the high value-added chemicals and commercial services. From 1995 to 2007, the overall technical level of China’s export trade has been continuously improved and surpassed the world average after 2006; the structure of China’s export trade has been escalating and shows a tendency toward getting closer to the developed countries.