论文部分内容阅读
旗地是清代满族特有的土地制度,在清朝入关以后的百余年中,经历了由国有到私有、即由领主制经济到地主制经济的蜕嬗,显示出不同于民间土地的特点。乾隆、嘉庆两朝(1736—1820),正值清代封建经济的繁荣阶段,地主经济的发展,商业资本和高利贷资本的膨胀,为旗人土地关系的演变注入了新的活力。关于这一时期的旗人土地关系,前辈学者多从租佃关系、民典旗地等角度进行研究,至于旗人内部的土地交易问题,囿于史料的零散缺乏,较少专门的探讨。笔者日前在中国科学院图书馆捡得畿辅旗人土地契约文书20件,内典地白契
The land was the unique Manchu land system in the Qing Dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs for more than 100 years, it experienced the transformation from state ownership to private ownership, that is, from the economic transformation of the sovereign economy to that of the landlord system. This shows that it is different from the characteristics of the private land . The Qianlong and Jiaqing Dynasties (1736-1820) coincided with the prosperous period of the feudal economy in the Qing Dynasty. The economic development of landowners and the expansion of commercial and loan-shark capital infused new vitality into the evolution of the banner-land relations. As for the landlords’ land relations in this period, most of their predecessors studied land tenure relations and the code of dian dian land. However, there were few special discussions on the land transaction within the banner people due to the scattered lack of historical data. Recently, the author picked up 20 land contract documents from the library of Chinese Academy of Sciences in the library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,