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目的探讨矽肺病的发展及其转归,对比退休人员中无矽肺人员与矽肺患者的死亡同异。方法选取1994-2012年浙江东风莹石集团有限公司退休职工1718人,分为无矽肺人员与矽肺病患者两组,两组累计死亡545例,就两组死亡率和平均死亡年龄以及主要死因归类等指标进行回顾性对比分析。结果两组的死亡率和死亡年龄均呈缓慢上升趋势,但矽肺病患者的死亡率上升更为明显,死亡年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。主要死因归类:无矽肺人员以恶性肿瘤居首,矽肺患者以呼吸疾病为首。结论矽肺患者本身肺部病变是导致死亡的首要因素。结果验证了二三级预防工作的效果,对今后的防治工作具有指导意义。
Objective To explore the development and prognosis of silicosis and compare the same deaths between silicosis patients and non-silicosis patients in retirees. Methods A total of 1718 retired staff from Zhejiang Dongfeng Yingshi Group Co Ltd from 1994 to 2012 were divided into two groups: non-silicosis patients and silicosis patients. There were 545 deaths in both groups. The mortality and the average age of death and the main causes of death Class and other indicators for retrospective comparative analysis. Results The mortality and death ages of both groups showed a slow upward trend. However, the mortality rate of patients with silicosis increased more obviously with no significant difference in the age of death (P> 0.05). The main cause of death were classified as: no silicosis patients with malignant tumors top, silicosis patients with respiratory diseases led. Conclusion Pulmonary disease in silicosis patients is the leading cause of death. The results verify the effect of prevention work in secondary and tertiary prevention and control work for the future guidance.