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目的分析发热伴血小板减少综合征病例临床与流行病学特征,为进一步研究提供线索。方法采用流行病学个案调查与描述性分析方法,收集发热伴血小板减少综合征确诊与疑似病例发病、诊治、检测与流行病学史等资料,分析病例临床与流行病学特征。结果浙江省6类地形中有3类存在发热伴血小板减少综合征疫情,病例以丘陵山区50岁以上人群为主(87.50%),6～7月为发病高峰(65.00%)。所有病例均有发热,体温最低37.6℃,最高40.6℃,平均39.2℃,且发热为主要首发症状。大部分病例有畏寒(67.50%)、乏力(67.50%)、食欲减退(52.50%)等非特异性症状。病例临床表现为发热伴白细胞和血小板减少,白细胞和血小板进行性减少可持续至发病后14～15d,且血小板进行性减少持续时间更长,未发现人传人现象。结论浙江省发热伴血小板减少综合征病例临床与流行病学特征与其他省份比较存在差异,有待于进一步研究解决。
Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and provide clues for further research. Methods The epidemiological case investigation and descriptive analysis were used to collect the data of fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome diagnosis and suspected cases, diagnosis and treatment, detection and epidemiology, and to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of cases. Results Three out of the six types of terrain in Zhejiang Province were found to have fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome. The prevalence of fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome in the hilly and mountainous areas was mainly over 50 years (87.50%) and the peak was from June to July (65.00%). All cases had fever, the lowest body temperature of 37.6 ℃, the highest 40.6 ℃, an average of 39.2 ℃, and fever as the main first symptom. Most cases have chills (67.50%), fatigue (67.50%), loss of appetite (52.50%) and other nonspecific symptoms. Cases of clinical manifestations of fever with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, progressive reduction of white blood cells and platelets can be sustained until 14 ~ 15d after onset, and progressive reduction of platelets last longer, no human-human phenomenon was found. Conclusion The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of fever and thrombocytopenia in Zhejiang province are different from those in other provinces and need to be further studied and resolved.