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乳杆菌是健康人体肠道的重要菌群之一,它与肠道微生态系统的调节和代谢、免疫的调控密切相关。大多数乳杆菌对人类健康有积极作用,其中一部分已被归为益生菌。一直以来,乳杆菌在人体中的存在状态和作用机制都是肠道微生态领域的研究重点。本文总结了人体肠道乳杆菌在种类、数量和功能方面的最新进展,值得注意的是,基于现代分子生物学技术的研究发现乳杆菌在人体肠道菌群中所占的数量比例相当小。虽然在数量上不占优势,但在对宿主生理功能的影响和代谢过程的调节上有不可替代的作用。此外本文还讨论了该领域仍需研究的内容,为人们进一步探索提供一些帮助。
Lactobacillus is one of the important intestinal flora of healthy human, which is closely related to the regulation and metabolism of intestinal microflora and the regulation of immunity. Most lactobacilli have a positive effect on human health, some of which have been classified as probiotics. All along, the existence of Lactobacillus in the human body and the mechanism of action are the focus of intestinal micro-ecology research. This article summarizes the recent advances in species, quantity and function of human intestinal Lactobacilli. It is noteworthy that based on modern molecular biology techniques, the proportion of Lactobacillus in the human intestinal flora is quite small. Although not dominant in quantity, it has an irreplaceable effect on the physiological function of the host and the regulation of the metabolic process. In addition, this article also discusses the content that still needs to be researched in this field, providing some help for people to further explore.