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苏联铁路机车车辆正在有计划地改装滚动轴承。在1980年以前,已有全部货车的一半左右装用了滚动轴承。但是,装有滑动轴承的货车,在现行的五年计划结束时,还将在货车总数中占有相当大的数量。滑动轴承轴箱是车辆上可靠性最低的部件之一。在上一个五年计划期间,车辆每年因轴箱装置不良而引起的车流故障指数大约为0.7;而轴瓦不良所引起的车流故障指数却为1.3。由于热轴而造成的列车晚点,显著地降低了铁路的通过能力。虽然交通部采取了许多措施,使滑动轴承现代化,但是铁路员工仍不断提出很多改进意见,主要
Soviet railway rolling stock is being retrofitted with rolling bearings. By 1980, about half of all trucks had been fitted with rolling bearings. However, trucks equipped with plain bearings will also account for a significant portion of the total number of trucks at the end of the current five-year plan. Sliding bearing axle boxes are one of the most reliable parts in the vehicle. During the last five-year plan, the traffic flow index due to poor axlebox installation was about 0.7 per year for the vehicle, while the traffic flow index due to poor bushings was 1.3. Late trains due to the hot shaft significantly reduce the ability of the railways to pass. Although the MOC has taken many measures to modernize the sliding bearings, railway staff continue to make many suggestions for improvement, mainly