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启普发生器是中学化学实验常用仪器之一,该仪器自十八世纪六十年代问世以来,传遍全球,盛行不衰,被视为“经典仪器”。但是,应当承认该仪器还有许多不足之处:一是使用时不够安全,当用它来制取可燃性气体时,若不严格进行“验纯”,则会发生爆炸事故。二是小颗粒状固体药品易从球形漏斗与双球瓶蜂腰间隙处落人双球瓶底部,从而使反应无法控制(虽能通过填放玻璃毛加以控制,但操作上比较麻烦)。三是体积大,用药多,操作费时、费事。笔者对启普发生器作了一些改进,既保持了原仪器的全部优点,又弥补了它的一些不足之处。现将改进后的启普发生器介绍如下:
The Kaipu generator is one of the commonly used instruments for middle school chemistry experiments. Since its introduction in the 1960s, the instrument has spread all over the world and has become popular. It is considered a “classic instrument.” However, it should be admitted that the instrument still has many deficiencies: First, it is not safe to use, and when it is used to make flammable gas, an explosion accident can occur if it is not strictly conducted. Second, small granular solid drugs are liable to fall from the bottom of the double-balloons in the beeswax space between the spherical hopper and the double-bottle, so that the reaction cannot be controlled (although it can be controlled by filling the glass wool, but it is cumbersome to operate). The third is bulky, more medication, time-consuming and costly. The author made some improvements to the Kaipu generator, which not only maintains all the advantages of the original instrument, but also makes up for some of its shortcomings. The improved Kepler generator is introduced as follows: