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空间激光通信是指用激光束作为信息载体进行空间(包括大气空间、低轨道、中轨道、同步轨道、星际间、太空间)通信。这种通信技术具有通信容量大、重量轻、功耗和体积小、保密性高、建造和维护经费低等优点,一直受到一些国家的关注。但空间激光通信技术过去一直处于概念研究阶段,直到最近几年,这一通信技术在一些发达国家,特别是美国,进入了实验和实现阶段,并取得了实用性成果。美国已把激光通信作为一种重要的新技术纳入到转型通信体系结构中。美国国防部还在2004财年预算中,开出了4.53亿美元的大单,用于发展激光通信。美国国防高级研究计划局也制订了一个“受控敏捷激光束”计划,旨在开发能够
Space laser communication refers to the use of laser beam as an information carrier for space (including atmospheric space, low orbit, orbit, synchronous orbit, interplanetary, space) communication. This communication technology has been attracting the attention of some countries due to its large capacity, light weight, small power consumption and small size, high confidentiality, and low construction and maintenance costs. However, space laser communication technology was historically in the conceptual research stage. Only in recent years has this communication technology entered the experimental and realization phase in some developed countries, especially the United States, and has achieved practical results. The United States has incorporated laser communications as an important new technology into the transitional communications architecture. The U.S. Department of Defense also issued a large bill of 453 million U.S. dollars in the fiscal 2004 budget for the development of laser communications. US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency has also developed a “controlled agile laser beam” program aimed at developing able