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目的掌握张家港市流动人口乙型肝炎病毒感染状况,为今后乙型肝炎防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样,利用酶联免疫吸附试验方法检测乙肝表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)和乙肝表面抗体(hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)。结果共调查张家港市流动人口1 516人,男性占69.0%,中青年居多。HBsAg总阳性粗率为9.6%,性别差异无统计学意义(X~2=0.06,P=0.851),而不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(X~2=9.37,P=0.015)。HBsAb总阳性率为50.9%,男性高于女性(X~2=7.31,P=0.007)。不同性别、不同年龄组间乙肝疫苗接种率差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);有乙肝疫苗接种史者,其HBsAg阳性率降低(OR=1.64,95%CI:1.15~2.34,P=0.006)。结论张家港市流动人口感染状况调查在乙型肝炎的传播流行上具有重要意义。加强乙型肝炎的健康教育,提倡良好的卫生习惯,推行免疫接种,是预防乙型肝炎传播流行的必要和切实可行的措施。
Objective To grasp the status of hepatitis B virus infection among floating population in Zhangjiagang City and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in the future. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results A total of 1 516 floating population were surveyed in Zhangjiagang City, accounting for 69.0% of all men and were mostly young and middle-aged. The overall positive rate of HBsAg was 9.6%. There was no significant difference in gender (X ~ 2 = 0.06, P = 0.851). There was a significant difference between different age groups (X ~ 2 = 9.37, P = 0.015). The overall positive rate of HBsAb was 50.9%, higher in males than in females (X ~ 2 = 7.31, P = 0.007). There were significant differences in the vaccination rate of hepatitis B between different genders and different age groups (all P <0.05). The patients with history of hepatitis B vaccination had lower HBsAg positive rate (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.34, P = 0.006). Conclusion Investigation on the status of floating population infection in Zhangjiagang City is of great significance in the spread of hepatitis B. Strengthening health education of hepatitis B, promoting good health habits and promoting immunization are necessary and feasible measures to prevent the spread of hepatitis B.