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外部的国际因素和内部的国内需要共同塑造了中国在适应气候变化方面的决策和发展。在国际层面,中国积极参与国际气候变化谈判,努力申请国际适应基金,这极大地影响了中国国内适应政策的焦点和制度安排。在国内层面,因为气候变化的脆弱性而导致的经济和社会损失促使中国政府发展适应气候变化方面的政策、法律和管理框架。通过对该框架的分析,本文研究发现,首先,中国适应气候变化的策略开始从短暂的、灵活的政策导向向较为长远的、制度化的法律导向转变;其次,地方政府特别是省级地方政府开始承担相应的适应气候变化的责任;再次,适应性问题正逐渐引起政府的注意;最后,一些私人部门和公众开始逐渐参与到适应气候变化问题当中。这些进展都表明中国政府吸收了很多先进的适应理论和经验,但是对该框架的进一步分析则揭示出中国对适应性问题的应对深深地植根于中国在处理经济发展和环境保护的关系时所形成的思维、路径和方法。
External international factors and internal domestic needs together shape China’s decision-making and development in adapting to climate change. At the international level, China’s active participation in international climate change negotiations and its efforts to apply for the International Adaptation Fund have greatly affected the focus and institutional arrangements for China’s domestic adaptation policies. At the domestic level, the economic and social losses caused by the vulnerability of climate change have prompted the Chinese government to develop policies, laws and regulatory frameworks to adapt to climate change. Through the analysis of this framework, this study finds that firstly, China’s strategy of adapting to climate change has begun to shift from a short-term and flexible policy guidance to a more long-term and institutionalized legal guidance. Secondly, local governments, especially provincial provincial governments Began to assume the responsibility of adapting to climate change. Thirdly, adaptive problems are gradually drawing the attention of the government. Finally, some private sectors and the public begin to gradually participate in the adaptation to climate change. All of these developments show that the Chinese government has absorbed a lot of advanced theories and experiences of adaptation. However, further analysis of this framework reveals that China’s response to adaptation issues is deeply rooted in China’s handling of the relationship between economic development and environmental protection Formed thinking, path and method.