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采用碱煮的方法从香蕉茎中提取香蕉纤维,再通过对香蕉纤维进行预处理、碱处理、酸解等步骤制备香蕉纤维素微晶(BFCM),再使用BFCM和聚苯胺(PANI)制备成BFCM/PANI复合气凝胶。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和静态容量法比表面积(BET)等方法对产物进行了表征。用原子吸收光谱(AAS)和SEM验证了气凝胶吸附Ag+的效果。FT-IR表明,所制BFCM的主要成分为纤维素;而XRD和SEM结果表明,香蕉纤维素微晶以纤维素Ⅰ的形式存在;BET结果表明,BFCM/PANI复合气凝胶的比表面积为14m2/g,平均孔直径(4V/A)为19.27nm,为介孔材料;AAS和SEM结果表明,该气凝胶对Ag十溶液有较好的去除率,最佳达到99%;Ag十能深入气凝胶内部,改变了以往仅仅是表面的PANI还原Ag+,有利于大规模的使用。
The banana fiber was extracted from the banana stem by alkaline cooking method, then the banana cellulose microcrystal (BFCM) was prepared through the steps of pretreatment, alkali treatment and acid hydrolysis on the banana fiber, and then the banana fiber was prepared by using BFCM and PANI BFCM / PANI composite airgel. The products were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and BET. The effect of airgel on the adsorption of Ag + was verified by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and SEM. FT-IR indicated that the main component of BFCM was cellulose. The XRD and SEM results showed that the banana cellulose microcrystal existed in the form of cellulose Ⅰ. The BET results showed that the specific surface area of BFCM / PANI composite aerogels was 14m2 / g, average pore diameter (4V / A) of 19.27nm, mesoporous materials; AAS and SEM results show that the airgel has a good removal rate of Ag ten solution, the best to reach 99%; Ag ten Can penetrate into the airgel, changing the past only the surface of the PANI reduction of Ag +, is conducive to large-scale use.