如何写好图表类作文

来源 :考试与评价·高二版 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:chinababay
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
  图表类作文要求考生将图表形式(如坐标图、曲线图、饼图等)的信息转化成段落形式的文字信息,主要是关于一些调查研究的统计数据和结果,以及某项活动的统计示意图。
  假如你叫李华,从“中小学教育网”上看到下面的调查统计表,感触很深,因而决定给《考试与评价》编辑部写封信,反映这一情况,并简要分析原因,呼吁教育部门和家长的关注。
  注意:
  1. 信的格式和开头已给出,不计入总词数;
  2. 语言要连贯、准确,可适当发挥;
  3. 词数:120左右。
  Dear editor,
  As you can see from the above chart, ...
   Yours sincerely,
   Li Hua
  步骤一: 认真审题,确定体裁。通过审题,首先要结合图表前的文字说明,弄清图表性质。此题要求写一篇短文,说明有关学生体育锻炼的调查情况,是一篇说明文。题目在考查语言表达和图表理解能力的同时,也考查学生的思维能力。由于是说明文,就要根据说明文的特点进行写作,比如可按照调查内容(新闻、故事、科普、学习方法)展开对数据信息的说明。通过审题还应该明确:该题目并没有要求就调查信息发表评论或个人观点,因而写作时应避免多此一举,导致偏离写作要求。
  步骤二:仔细阅读文字、图表信息,确定写作要点和所要使用的重点词汇、句型。确定写作要点时,既要注意图表前的文字说明,又要认真阅读图表内容,研究图表所显示出来的信息。结合这两部分内容,我们可以确定这篇文章可以从两个层次去安排写作:第一部分可以依据图表前的文字说明,介绍一下此次调查的时间、对象和调查内容及方式;第二部分依据图表信息客观地说明数据所传达的信息。此文的写作要点有:
  1. “中小学教育网”上看到的调查统计表,给《考试与评价》编辑部写信;
  2. 调查内容是学生每天花在体育锻炼上的时间;
  3. 美国学生的平均体育运动时间是72分钟;
  4. 韩国学生的平均体育运动时间是42分钟;
  5. 中国学生的平均体育运动时间只有12分钟。
  步骤三:将要点用英语表达出來。用英语表达写作要点时要注意句式的多样性,可使用不同的语态、不同的主语、不同的句子结构等来避免单一句型的重复。另外,介绍调查的背景时可以使用现在完成时、一般过去时,介绍数据信息时应使用一般现在时。
  步骤四:连句成文。连句成文时可适当调整图表信息的表达顺序,灵活处理和说明信息,以避免把图表中的内容逐一罗列,就好像购物清单,读起来索然乏味。另外,还要注意写作的常规要求,如既要保证语言表达清晰、流畅,也要尽量避免语法知识错误;可适当地使用一定的高级词汇(如interview,double等)、高级句子结构(如各种复合句等)或语法现象(如非谓语动词等),以提高短文的写作档次。既要注意句与句之间的衔接,也要注意两个段落层次之间的过渡,可使用in this survey,the survey shows that..., only,however等衔接词汇。
  【参考范文】 One possible version:
  Dear editor,
  As you can see from the above chart, Chinese students have only 12 minutes for physical activities everyday. Meanwhile, the students in South Korea have 42 minutes and those in America have 72 minutes. This shows that Chinese students have too little time for physical activities per day.
  The reasons lie in the following. Almost all the time is spent on lessons in Chinese schools and students are made by parents to concentrate on their study even when they get back to their homes. Thus there is little time left for their physical activities.
  In my opinion, both the education departments and parents should realize the importance of students physical activities. They should give students more time for it. because knowledge can be gained not only from books but also through activities.
  Yours sincerely,
  Li Hua
其他文献
The carpenter① I hired to help me restore an old farmhouse had just finished a rough first day on the job. A flat tire made him cost an hour of work, his electric saw quit, and now his ancient pickup
期刊
This is a daily reminder  To relax,  To not get angry over small things,  To stay calm.  This is a daily reminder  To be yourself,  To not care what people think,  To know you can be anything.  This i
期刊
【典型例题】  (B) Please read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word in one of the following three ways: ① based on the context; ② using the correct forms of the given words; ③ based on
期刊
【V-ing形式用法经典点击】  动名词和现在分词皆由动词构成,并总以V-ing形式结尾。当V-ing形式作用像名词时,叫作动名词;而当V-ing形式其作用像形容词或副词时,就叫作现在分词。同时还要掌握 V-ing形式的被动语态的用法:  一、V-ing形式为现在分词  1. V-ing形式作定语。V-ing形式作前置定语,表示用途,即“用来做……”,或表示性质,即“……的”;V-ing形式作后置
期刊
一、什么是同位语从句  同位语从句在句子中做某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词之后,说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea, fact, news,hope, belief, thought, doubt, promise, suggestion, order等,通常用连词that引导同位语从句,that无词义,也不充当句子成分,不能省略,从句用陈述句语序。同位语从句还可以用whether,
期刊
Gilbert Benson was 35 years old and very sad. He was walking on the streets of New York with his head down.  He walked and walked, not thinking about where he was going. Gilbert had lost all of his mo
期刊
第一部分:听力部分 (15分)  第一节:  听下面五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 (5分)  1. What does the man think Mark should do?   A. Go on with the game. B. Go over his lessons. C. Have a good rest.  2. What d
期刊
第一部分:听力(30分)  第一节(7.5分)  听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。  1. Where will the woman most probably go?  A. To the fourth floor. B. To the third floor.
期刊
1. Farming and fishing  Before British farmers decide what to plant or what animals to keep, they must think about the weather, the kind of land and whether it is flat or hilly, and how much money the
期刊
表达禁止和警告的语言一般用于提醒对方不要做某事,或者做某事要留意什么,会有什么后果等,可以出现在否定句和肯定句中,多以祈使句的形式出现。常用词汇有:careful, look, attention, pay attention to, allow, forbid, never等。  常用的表达禁止和警告的句式有:  Look out!  Be careful!  Take care!  Watch
期刊