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苦刺,亦叫白刺花、苦甘草。系豆科槐属植物狼牙刺(Sophora viciifolia Hance)。落叶灌木,高1—2.5米,枝条劲直,多疣状突起,具锐刺。5—6月间开白色或蓝白色花,8月结实,荚果串珠状,顶端有长喙。分布在云南、贵州、四川、陕西、甘肃、河南、河北及山西各省区;陕西省产于秦岭山区、渭北高原和陕北丘陵区。野生在山坡路旁的灌木林中或草坡地。由于适应性强,容易成活,一般可作围墙树种栽培,资源十分丰富。苦刺的根、枝、叶、花及果实都可药用。具清热解毒、凉血止血的功效,民间多用于治疗咽喉肿痛,热症出血,痈肿疔毒等;花含丰富的蜜腺,可直接食用,并有清热解暑的效用,一般用开水冲泡后当清凉饮料。
Bitter thorns, also known as white thorn flowers, bitter licorice. It is a Sophora viciifolia Hance. Deciduous shrubs, 1-2.5 meters high, branches straight, more scalloped, with sharp thorns. From May to June, white or blue and white flowers were opened, and in August, the fruit was beaded with a long beak at the top. Distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hebei and Shanxi provinces; Shaanxi Province is produced in the Qinling Mountains, northern Hebei Plateau and hilly areas in northern Shaanxi. Wild in a shrubbery or grassy slope beside a hillside road. Due to its strong adaptability, it is easy to survive and can generally be used as a tree plantation for the surrounding walls. The resources are very rich. The roots, branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits of bitter thorns are all medicinal. With heat detoxification, cooling blood to stop the effect of the public for the treatment of sore throat, fever, bleeding, carbuncle swollen boils, etc.; flowers rich in nectaries, can be eaten directly, and the effectiveness of heat Jieshu, generally with boiling water Brewing drinks after brewing.