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目的:探讨免疫固定技术在轻链型多发性骨髓瘤(MM)分型中的应用价值及分析其实验室检查特征。方法:利用免疫固定技术对265例MM患者的血清和尿进行游离轻链检测,分析阳性患者的血清免疫球蛋白定量、血清蛋白电泳、尿液本-周蛋白定性及尿蛋白定性等结果的特征。结果:从265例MM患者中成功筛选出45例轻链型MM(κ型21例、λ型24例)占MM的17%。κ轻链型与λ轻链型两组免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA和IgM结果组间比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),但与正常对照组相比较明显偏低(P<0.05);而两组κ/λ值与正常对照组比较差异极具显著性(P<0.01)。结论:应用高灵敏度的免疫固定技术对轻链型MM患者的血清和尿液进行M蛋白检测,并结合病人的血清免疫球蛋白等结果对其分型,能提高其诊断效率。
Objective: To investigate the value of immuno-immobilization technique in the classification of mild-type multiple myeloma (MM) and to analyze its laboratory features. Methods: The free light chain of serum and urine of 265 patients with MM was detected by immuno-immobilization technique. The results of serum immunoglobulin quantitation, serum protein electrophoresis, urine-peripherin and urinary protein qualitative analysis were analyzed in positive patients . RESULTS: Forty-five patients with MM were successfully screened from 265 MM patients (21 in κ and 24 in λ) accounting for 17% of MM. There was no significant difference between the two groups of IgG immunoglobulin IgG, IgA and IgM in kappa light chain and lambda light chain (P> 0.05), but was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (P <0.05) ; While the kappa / lambda values of the two groups were significantly different from the normal control group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The detection of M protein in the serum and urine of patients with mild-type MM with high-sensitivity immunofixation technique can improve the diagnostic efficiency by typing the patients’ serum immunoglobulin.