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目的为制定预防传染性疾病的输血传播、减少血液资源浪费的政策提供科学依据。方法对2010—2014年无偿献血者(115 695名)传染性疾病指标的检测结果和性别结构及复检结果进行分析。结果本地2010—2014年无偿献血者血液复检结果平均不合格率为4.93%,各项不合格率由高到低为:ALT>抗-HCV>抗-TP>HBs Ag>抗-HIV,ALT、HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-TP和抗-HIV项目各年度之间的不合格率均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。单纯ALT项目不合格的男女比例约为15:1,HBs Ag和抗-HCV项目不合格的男女比例约为3:1,抗-TP项目不合格的男女比例约为1:1,抗-HIV项目不合格的男女比例约为2:1,男性献血者的不合格率约为女性献血者的2倍。结论加强无偿献血的宣传力度和献血前征询,从低危、固定人群中招募献血者,做好献血前的初筛工作,保障临床的安全用血。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for the formulation of policies to prevent transfusion of infectious diseases and reduce the waste of blood resources. Methods The detection results, sex structure and retest results of infectious disease indicators of unpaid donors (115 695) in 2010-2014 were analyzed. Results The average rate of unqualified blood retesting results in 2010-2014 was 4.93%. The percentages of failure cases were ALT> anti-HCV> anti-TP> HBs Ag> anti-HIV, ALT , HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-TP and anti-HIV projects each year between the failure rates were statistically significant (P <0.05). The ratio of male to female with unqualified ALT was about 15: 1, the ratio of male to female with failed HBsAg and anti-HCV was about 3: 1, the ratio of male to female with anti-TP was about 1: 1, anti-HIV The unqualified male-to-female ratio is about 2: 1, with male blood donors about twice as often failing as female donors. Conclusion Strengthen the publicity of unpaid blood donation and consult before blood donation, recruit blood donors from low-risk and fixed population, carry out preliminary screening work before blood donation, and ensure the safe blood for clinical use.