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本文通过对玉兰汞矿及其周边地区土壤和植物(霸王草)汞含量分布及污染的调查和研究,旨在了解土壤和霸王草中的汞污染状况以及汞在土壤-霸王草系统中的迁移转化规律,进而为汞污染防治与修复提供科学依据。本次研究共采集土壤样315件和植物样(霸王草)150件。全部土壤和植物样品采用MDS-2003F型压力自控密闭微波溶样系统消解,并用原子荧光测汞仪进行分析测定。结果表明,坑口片区土壤汞含量为1.362 1±1.227 6μg/g,拉莫片区土壤汞含量为0.742 8±0.717μg/g,周边地区土壤汞含量为0.346 4±0.031 3μg/g,分别为我国一些地区土壤汞自然含量(0.071μg/g)的19.18、10.46、4.88倍。土壤汞含量随远离矿区中部向东西两侧依次降低。植物汞含量分布与土壤汞含量分布基本相似。植物根汞、叶汞与土壤汞相关性为r=0.547和r=0.179,均大于临界值r=0.159(取信度α=5%),植物不同部分汞含量表现为根>叶>茎。上述特点表明土壤汞是植物汞的主要来源。本次采集工作中55%的土壤样汞含量超过了我国《土壤环境质量标准(GB15618-2008)》第二级标准的对应限值(汞≤0.35μg/g),坑口片区以及北部拉莫片区土壤汞污染较严重,污染范围为2km2。植物根汞对土壤汞的富集系数为3%,土壤汞形态分析显示土壤中的可吸收态汞含量低。植物茎/根和叶/根转运系数较高,为36.62%、65.91%,表明植物根部吸收的有效态汞较多地被转运到茎叶上。
In this paper, the investigation and research on the mercury content distribution and pollution of soil and plants (Bullacka grass) in Magnolia mercury mine and its surrounding area aims to understand the mercury pollution in soil and overlord grass and the migration of mercury in soil-overlord grass system Transformation rules, and then provide a scientific basis for the prevention and repair of mercury pollution. In this study, a total of 315 soil samples and 150 plant-like bulbs were collected. All soil and plant samples were digested with MDS-2003F pressure-controlled closed-cell microwave-assisted dissolution system and analyzed by atomic fluorescence mercury analyzer. The results showed that the soil mercury content in Hang Hau area was 1.362 1 ± 1.227 6μg / g, the soil mercury content in Lamo area was 0.742 8 ± 0.717μg / g, and the mercury in the surrounding area was 0.346 4 ± 0.031 3μg / g, The native soil mercury content (0.071μg / g) 19.18,10.46,4.88 times. The mercury content in soil decreases with the distance from the middle of the mining area to the east and west sides. Plant mercury content distribution and soil mercury content distribution are similar. The correlations between root mercury and leaf mercury in plant were r = 0.547 and r = 0.179, both of them were greater than the critical value r = 0.159 (confidence α = 5%). The contents of mercury in different parts of plant showed root> leaf> stem. The above characteristics indicate that soil mercury is the main source of plant mercury. 55% of the soil-like mercury content in this collection exceeded the corresponding limit (Hg≤0.35 μg / g) of the second-level standard of “Soil Environmental Quality Standard (GB15618-2008)”, and the Hang Hau area and the northern Lamor Area Soil mercury pollution is more serious, the pollution range is 2km2. Plant root Hg enrichment coefficient of soil mercury was 3%, soil mercury form analysis showed that the soil absorbable Hg content is low. Plant stem / root and leaf / root transport coefficient is higher, 36.62%, 65.91%, indicating that the plant roots absorb more effective mercury is transported to the stems and leaves.