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目的了解博士生压力状况及其与人格的关系,为采取相应干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用简单随机抽样与方便抽样相结合的方法对在苏州、济南、上海抽取的5所高校共119名博士生进行问卷调查。结果博士生总体压力得分为(2.77±0.59)分,学业压力、经济压力、人际交往压力、婚恋压力和就业压力得分分别为(2.96±1.02)(、2.30±0.74)(、2.66±0.95)(、2.99±0.83)和(3.10±0.77)分,博士生不同压力得分间差异有统计学意义(F=34.00,P=0.000);不同特征博士生各压力得分比较,不同年级博士生学业压力得分不同,不同婚姻状况博士生经济压力和婚恋压力得分不同,不同学费类型博士生学业压力和总体压力得分不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);博士生适应性、社交性、开放性、利他性和道德感得分分别为(55.21±10.68)(、50.78±5.64)(、44.92±7.14)(、56.03±8.73)和(56.00±6.61)分;相关分析结果表明,博士生学业压力与适应性呈负相关关系(r=-0.26,P<0.01),人际压力与适应性、社交性、开放性、利他性和道德感均呈负相关关系(P<0.05),婚恋压力与社交性呈负相关关系(r=-0.04,P<0.05),总体压力与适应性、社交性均呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论博士生婚恋压力最大,其他压力依次为学业压力、经济压力、就业压力和人际压力;学业压力、人际压力、婚恋压力和总体压力与不同人格维度相关。
Objective To understand the pressure status of doctoral students and their relationship with personality, and to provide reference for taking corresponding interventions. Methods A total of 119 doctoral students from 5 universities in Suzhou, Jinan and Shanghai were surveyed by simple random sampling and convenience sampling. Results The overall pressure score of PhD students was (2.77 ± 0.59) points. The scores of academic pressure, economic pressure, interpersonal contact pressure, marriage pressure and employment pressure were 2.96 ± 1.02, 2.30 ± 0.74, 2.66 ± 0.95, , 2.99 ± 0.83) and (3.10 ± 0.77) respectively. There were significant differences among different doctoral candidates in stress scores (F = 34.00, P = 0.000). The scores of doctoral students in different grades Different doctoral students in different marital status have different economic pressure and the pressure of marriage and love, and the academic pressure and overall stress score of doctoral students of different types of tuition are different, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Doctoral students’ adaptability, sociality and openness (55.21 ± 10.68), (50.78 ± 5.64), (44.92 ± 7.14), (56.03 ± 8.73) and (56.00 ± 6.61) points, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the academic pressure of doctoral students and (R = -0.26, P <0.01). There was a negative correlation between interpersonal stress and adaptability, sociality, openness, altruism and morality (P <0.05) A negative correlation (r = -0.04, P <0.05), the overall pressure and adaptability, community Of negative correlation relationship (P <0.05). Conclusion Doctoral students have the greatest pressure of marriage and love, and the other pressures are academic pressure, economic pressure, employment pressure and interpersonal pressure. Academic pressure, interpersonal pressure, marriage pressure and overall stress are related to different personality dimensions.