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目的:了解放射工作人员健康状况,为改进放射防护措施提供依据。方法:按照卫生部《放射工作人员职业健康管理办法》等相关规定对放射工作人员进行职业健康检查并分析结果。结果:203名在岗放射工作人员共检出常见病、单项指标异常95例,占46.80%,外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率和微核率均正常,未检出疑似放射病。外周血液异常率3.45%,其中仅白细胞降低占2.96%,白细胞和血小板均降低及红细胞和血红蛋白均降低各占0.49%;眼晶状体混浊率2.96%。两率在不同年龄、放射工龄和岗位组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。脂肪肝、ALT异常、肝血管、肝囊肿和高血压检出率分别为11.82%、9.36%、3.94%、2.96%和11.82%,男性显著高于女性(P<0.05),脂肪肝检出率仅在工龄组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胆囊息肉、胆结石、胆囊炎和肾功能异常、肾囊肿、肾结石检出率分别为6.89%、1.48%、1.48%和0.49%、4.43%、0.49%。结论:该中医院放射工作人员在目前防护条件下作业较为安全,但应不断改进防护技术和措施,尽可能减少辐射对职工健康的危害。
Objective: To understand the health status of radiation workers and provide evidence for improving radiation protection measures. Methods: According to the Ministry of Health “Radiation Workers Occupational Health Management Measures” and other relevant provisions of the radiological staff occupational health examination and analysis of the results. Results: Totally 203 common on-site radiological staff were detected common diseases, 95 single abnormalities, accounting for 46.80%, the peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate were normal, no suspected radiological disease was detected. Peripheral blood abnormality rate was 3.45%, of which only leukocytosis accounted for 2.96%, white blood cells and platelets were reduced and erythrocyte and hemoglobin were reduced by 0.49%; eye lens opacity 2.96%. There was no significant difference in the two rates between different age groups, radiological age and post group (P> 0.05). The detection rates of fatty liver, ALT, hepatic vessels, hepatic cysts and hypertension were 11.82%, 9.36%, 3.94%, 2.96% and 11.82% respectively, significantly higher in males than in females (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The detection rates of gallbladder polyps, gallstones, cholecystitis and renal dysfunction were 6.89%, 1.48%, 1.48% and 0.49% , 4.43%, 0.49%. Conclusion: Radiographers working in this hospital are safer to operate under current protection conditions. However, protection technologies and measures should be continuously improved so as to reduce the harm of radiation to workers’ health as much as possible.