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目的对耳蜗灌注法和酶解加机械分离法的结果进行比较，并观察单离毛细胞的形态和存活情况。方法用耳蜗灌注法及酶解加机械分离法分离豚鼠听毛细胞，并在倒置相差显微镜下观察单离毛细胞。结果用耳蜗灌注法，７只豚鼠，７耳，平均每耳可分离出长于３０μｍ的外毛细胞１７３个（１１６～３３９），短于３０μｍ的外毛细胞１３０个（５０～４４７），内毛细胞０～１０个。室温下短期培养６ｈ后，长于３０μｎ的外毛细胞有１２３个（５８～３３６），短于３０μｍ的外毛细胞有１０３个（２０～２９６）。用酶解加机械分离法，７只豚鼠，７耳，平均每耳可分离出长于３０μｍ的外毛细胞７２个（２１～１５２），而短于３０μｍ的外毛细胞及内毛细胞则未能分离出。室温下短期培养６ｈ后，长于３０μｍ的外毛细胞有３０个（８～５６）。毛细胞损伤表现为细胞扭曲，细胞顶部表皮板脱落。细胞变性表现为细胞膜不平，细胞水肿，随时间变化逐渐加重。死亡表现为细胞核不被中性红染色。结论用耳蜗灌注法分离毛细胞简便易行，能提供足够量的存活时间较长的外毛细胞，而用酶解加机械分离法分离的毛细胞数相对较少，存活时间相对较短。
Objective To compare the results of cochlear perfusion and enzymolysis plus mechanical separation and observe the morphology and survival of isolated hair cells. Methods The cochlear hair cells were isolated by cochlear perfusion method and enzymolysis plus mechanical separation. The isolated hair cells were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope. Results There were 173 (116 ~ 339) outer hair cells longer than 30μm, 130 (50 ~ 447) outer hair cells shorter than 30μm, inner hair 0 to 10 cells. After short-term culture at room temperature for 6 hours, 123 (58-336) of the outer hair cells longer than 30 μm and 103 (20-296) of the outer hair cells shorter than 30 μm. Using enzymolysis plus mechanical separation method, 7 guinea pigs and 7 ears were separated, 72 (21 ~ 152) of outer hair cells longer than 30μm were separated per ear, while the outer hair cells and inner hair cells shorter than 30μm failed Separated. After cultured at room temperature for 6 h, 30 (8 ~ 56) of the outer hair cells longer than 30 μm. Hair cell damage is manifested by distorted cells and loss of epithelial cells on the top of the cells. Cell degeneration showed uneven cell membrane, cell edema, gradually changing with time. The death manifests itself in that the nucleus is not stained with neutral red. Conclusion Cochlear perfusion method is simple and easy to separate hair cells, can provide a sufficient amount of longer survival time of outer hair cells, while using enzymatic hydrolysis and mechanical separation method isolated relatively few hair cells, survival time is relatively short.