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目的分析吉林省2006-2013年麻疹流行病学特征,为科学指导全省麻疹控制工作提供参考。方法对吉林省2006-2013年麻疹发病情况进行描述流行病学分析,同时分析麻疹病例含麻疹类疫苗(measles-containing vaccine,MCV)接种情况。结果 2006年麻疹暴发流行,通过强化免疫和应急接种,疫情迅速得到控制。但是经过两年低发病后,又出现反弹现象。2010年全省强化免疫后,2011-2012年麻疹发病率下降到1/100万以下,2013年略有升高。结论 MCV强化免疫可以有效控制麻疹疫情,但随着易感人群的积累,麻疹还会出现暴发流行;吉林省麻疹发病主要以局部高发为主,病例多发生在散居儿童;因此麻疹控制中需要科学地实施强化免疫,采取有针对性的措施解决麻疹防控工作中的薄弱环节。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2006 to 2013 in Jilin Province and provide reference for scientific guidance on measles control in the whole province. Methods Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of measles in Jilin Province from 2006 to 2013 was conducted, and the measles-containing vaccine (MCV) inoculation was analyzed. Results Measles outbreaks were widespread in 2006 and the epidemic was promptly controlled through intensive immunization and emergency vaccination. However, after two years of low incidence, another rebound occurred. In 2010, after the province’s intensive immunization, the incidence of measles in 2011-2012 declined to less than 1/100 million, a slight increase in 2013. Conclusions MCV can effectively control the outbreak of measles, but with the accumulation of susceptible population, the outbreak of measles will be epidemic. The incidence of measles in Jilin Province is mainly localized and the cases occur in scattered children; therefore, the science of measles control needs science Implement the intensified immunity and take targeted measures to solve the weak links in the prevention and control of measles.