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近年来,随着成像设备的发展,医学影像已成为医学技术中发展最快的领域之一。目前影像技术发展的一个重点方向就是三维立体化,其可为临床提供准确的诊断及治疗计划依据。针对正畸所面临的扩弓及内收引起的骨吸收、功能矫治对下颌生长长期客观认识、正畸及正颌治疗对关节及上气道的影响等重大问题,有必要对正畸疗效做出更加客观的评价,以指导临床实践。本文介绍了CT的发展趋势及分类,基于CT数据举例说明在口腔正畸力环境下发生的牙槽骨、牙周膜、牙齿、面部软组织及关节等形态学三维改变。三维CT影像可实现口腔颌面骨骼、牙齿、面部软组织及气道等三维可视化。三维图像配准和距离测量是用来分析正畸力环境下各部分形态变化,评价口腔颌面生物系统形态及功能的可靠工具。CT技术是评价矫治器矫正机制、疗效以及稳定性的可靠技术。随着包括CT技术及生物信息数据处理等系统生物学研究方法的发展,CT技术将会对错牙合畸形的预防、诊断、治疗及预后产生重要影响。
In recent years, with the development of imaging equipment, medical imaging has become one of the fastest growing fields of medical technology. At present, a key direction of the development of imaging technology is three-dimensional stereoscopic diagnosis, which can provide accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment plan basis. Orthodontics is facing the expansion and adduction caused by bone resorption, orthodontic and orthognathic orthodontic treatment of the joints and the upper airway and other major issues, the need for orthodontic efficacy A more objective evaluation to guide clinical practice. This paper introduces the development trend and classification of CT. Based on the CT data, it illustrates the three-dimensional morphological changes of alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, teeth, facial soft tissues and joints under orthodontic stress. Three-dimensional CT images can be used to achieve three-dimensional visualization of oral and maxillofacial bone, teeth, facial soft tissues and airways. Three-dimensional image registration and distance measurement is a reliable tool to analyze the morphological changes of various parts under orthodontic force environment and evaluate the morphology and function of oral and maxillofacial biological systems. CT technology is to evaluate the orthodontic mechanism, efficacy and stability of reliable technology. With the development of systems biology research methods including CT and biological information data processing, CT technology will have a significant impact on the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of malocclusion.