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骨是最易发生恶性肿瘤转移的器官之一,乳腺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、肺癌和肾癌发生骨转移的几率均在30%以上。关于肿瘤转移的分子机制,由Stephen Paget提出的“土壤和种子”假说得到了广泛的认可,该学说认为靶器官内适宜血液中播散的肿瘤细胞生存的微环境是肿瘤发生的必要条件。目前有许多证据表明,在肿瘤转移的过程中发生了一系列细胞和分子结构的变化,为肿瘤细胞的定居提供了适宜的生长环境。近年来许多学科在骨转移瘤的临床诊断和治疗等方面进行了研究,现就肿瘤骨转移微环境的分子基础研究进展进行简要综述。
Bone is one of the most prone to malignant tumor metastasis, breast cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer and kidney cancer are more than 30% chance of bone metastases. The molecular mechanism of tumor metastasis is widely recognized by Stephen Paget’s “Soil and Seed” hypothesis, which states that the microenvironment in which the appropriate tumor cells in the target organ are to proliferate is a necessary condition for tumorigenesis . At present, there is a lot of evidence that a series of cellular and molecular structural changes have taken place during tumor metastasis, providing a suitable growth environment for tumor cells to settle. In recent years, many disciplines in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of bone metastases and other aspects of the study, the tumor metastasis of microenvironment molecular basic research progress is briefly reviewed.