教和学是矛盾关系。对学生来说,教师的教是外因,学生的学是内因,外因通过内因才起作用。所以,在教学活动中教师要把学生放在主体的位置,教师要为学生服务。要摆正教与学的关系,首先做到尊重学生。教师要放下架子,视己为普通一员置身于“主体”之中。教师还要具有科学的态度,从实际出发,按着学生认知规律组织教学,让学生在学习实践中体验到进步和成功的快乐。 Teaching and learning are contradictory relations. For students, teachers teach is external, students learn is internal, external factors through internal factors. Therefore, in teaching activities, teachers should put students in the main position and teachers should serve students. To put the relationship between teaching and learning, first of all to respect the students. Teachers should let go of the shelves and regard themselves as ordinary members in the “subject”. Teachers should also have a scientific attitude, proceed from reality and organize teaching according to the law of cognition of students, so that students can experience the joy of progress and success in their learning and practice.