具有复杂形貌的磁性复合材料显示出独特的物理和化学性质,在药物载体、体外生物检测、体内成像和磁转染、磁热疗等生物医学领域具有良好的应用前景。本文就几种典型的除简单核-壳结构外的磁性复合材料的形貌和结构分类、制备方法和应用研究进展进行了全面的综述,主要包括Janus、Yolk-Shell和介孔结构复合微球的相关研究,并对复杂形貌的磁性复合微球制备技术的改进及应用上的拓展作出展望。 Magnetic composite materials with complex morphology show unique physical and chemical properties and have good application prospects in the fields of biomedicine such as drug carriers, in vitro biological detection, in vivo imaging and magnetic transfection, and magnetic hyperthermia. In this paper, we review the morphology, structure classification, preparation methods and application progress of several typical magnetic composite materials except for the simple core-shell structure, including Janus, Yolk-Shell and mesoporous composite microspheres The related research is also made, and the prospect of the improvement and application of magnetic composite microspheres with complex morphology is proposed.