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【目的】调查低出生体重儿体格发育状况,探讨其生长发育规律。【方法】选择432名低出生体重儿作为研究对象,根据不同孕周分别以正常足月儿、正常体重早产儿作为对照组,对出生婴儿的体重、身长分5个年龄段进行随访,然后将测量数据进行对照,并且将不同孕周低出生体重儿的体格发育状况进行对照。【结果】①432名出生低体重儿生长发育模式与正常儿基本一致,并且在0~2岁内存在追赶生长现象,体重、身长的追赶生长以出生后头6月最快;②432名低出生体重儿体格发育均明显落后于对照组,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01或<0.001);③120名低出生体重早产男女婴2岁内体重、身长的追赶大于86名足月小样儿男女婴,而且女婴18、24月龄体重发育差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);低出生体重早产女婴2岁内身长的追赶大于男婴。【结论】①出生低体重儿体格发育均落后于正常对照儿,但其增长模式呈现追赶现象;②低出生体重早产儿的追赶生长大于足月小样儿。
【Objective】 To investigate the physical development status of low birth weight infants and to explore their growth and development rules. 【Methods】 A total of 432 low birth weight infants were selected as study subjects. According to different gestational ages, normal full-term infants and normal weight premature infants were used as control group. The body weight and length of infants were divided into five age groups and then followed The data were compared and the physical development status of low birth weight infants of different gestation weeks was compared. 【Results】 ① The pattern of growth and development of 432 low birth weight infants was basically the same as that of normal children. There was chasing growth in 0 ~ 2 years old, the growth of body weight and length was the fastest in the first 6 months after birth. ② The 43 low birth weight infants Physical development significantly lagged behind the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.01 or <0.001); ③120 low birth weight preterm birth male and female infants 2 years old to catch up with body weight, length more than 86 full moon baby boys and girls, and The differences of body weight between 18 and 24-month old female infants were significant (P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 (1) The physical development of low birth weight infants lags behind that of normal controls, but their growth pattern shows catching up. (2) The catch-up growth of low birth weight infants is larger than that of full-term infants.