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目的分析2012-2014年银川市学校和托幼机构传染病聚集/暴发疫情的流行病学分析特征,为科学制定学校及托幼机构传染病防控策略及控制风险评估提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2012-2014年银川市报告的学校及托幼机构传染病聚集/暴发疫情进行统计分析。结果 2012-2014年累计报告412起聚集/暴发传染病疫情,以手足口病和呼吸道传染病为主,疫情主要集中在第二和第四季度,91.99%的疫情发生在学校及托幼机构,构成暴发(一般突发公共卫生事件)的18起疫情,均发生在学校及幼儿园。结论学校及托幼机构是传染病聚集/暴发的高危场所,主要以呼吸道传染病和手足口病为主,卫生和教育部门联合加强学校传染病传染病防控。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease outbreaks in schools and nurseries in 2012-2014 in Yinchuan and provide a reference for the scientific development of epidemic prevention and control strategies and risk assessment in schools and nurseries. Methods A descriptive epidemiological approach was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the epidemic of communicable diseases in schools and nurseries reported in 2012-2014 in Yinchuan. Results A total of 412 outbreaks of outbreaks of contagion / outbreak were reported in 2012-2014, mainly hand-foot-mouth disease and respiratory disease. Outbreaks were mainly in the second and fourth quarters, with 91.99% of the outbreaks occurring in schools and nurseries, The 18 outbreaks that constituted an outbreak (a general public health emergency) occurred in schools and kindergartens. Conclusions Schools and nurseries are the high-risk places for the accumulation and outbreak of infectious diseases, mainly infectious respiratory diseases and hand-foot-mouth disease, and the health and education departments jointly strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools.