目的探讨不同病理类型及分化程度的胰腺癌中有关P 16基因缺失、突变以及癌转移和预后的关系。方法应用PCR、SSCP分析及DNA序列测定技术研究了42例原发性胰腺癌患者的手术病理标本的癌组织的P 16基因异常缺失的情况,结合患者随访资料进行预后情况分析。结果①P 16基因的缺失率与胰腺癌组织病理类型无关(P>0.05)。②胰腺癌P 16基因缺失率与癌细胞分化程度有关。24例低分化胰腺癌的P 16基因缺失率为79.17%,而18例中+高分化的胰腺癌的P 16缺失率仅为27.78%(P<0.01)。③胰腺癌P 16基因缺失的患者发生转移的机率高,所有42例胰腺癌患者手术时发现已转移的胰腺癌病例数为17例,其中16例属于有P 16基因缺失的胰腺癌患者。④已检出有P 16基因缺失的患者,其3年生存率为15%,而P 16基因未缺失的胰腺癌患者的3年生存率达56.25%(P<0.05)。结论P 16抑癌基因的缺失可能参与胰腺癌的发生、发展过程,并且可能与其转移事件发生及其预后均密切相关,检测P 16基因缺失率可作为判断胰腺癌预后的参考指标之一。 Objective To investigate the relationship between P 16 gene deletion, mutation, cancer metastasis and prognosis in pancreatic cancer with different pathological types and degree of differentiation. Methods The abnormal expression of P 16 gene in 42 cases with primary pancreatic cancer was studied by PCR, SSCP and DNA sequencing. Prognosis was analyzed according to the patients’ follow-up data. Results ① The deletion rate of P 16 gene was not associated with histopathological types of pancreatic cancer (P> 0.05). ② The deletion rate of P 16 gene in pancreatic cancer is related to the degree of differentiation of cancer cells. The deletion rate of P 16 gene was 79.17% in 24 cases of poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer, while it was only 27.78% (P <0.01) in 18 cases of well-differentiated pancreatic cancer. ③ P16 gene deletion in pancreatic cancer patients with high probability of transfer, all 42 cases of pancreatic cancer surgery found that the number of cases of metastatic pancreatic cancer was 17 cases, of which 16 cases belong to the P 16 gene deletion in patients with pancreatic cancer. ④ The 3-year survival rate of patients with P 16 gene deletion was 15%, while the 3-year survival rate of patients without P 16 gene deletion was 56.25% (P <0.05). Conclusion The loss of P 16 gene may play an important role in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer, and may be closely related to the occurrence of metastasis and its prognosis. Detecting the deletion rate of P 16 gene may be one of the prognostic indicators for pancreatic cancer.