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与西方一些国家的社会演进型法制不同,中国目前正在进行的的法制建设是一种政府推进型的法制,其前景在很大程度上取决于政府对法制目标和实现步骤的战略设计与思考,取决于政府对近期行动计划与长远目标行动的统筹谋划和适时合理推进的结合。如果说,中国法制发展战略问题涉及法制目标、步骤、道路等“走向什么样的法制”和“如何走向法制”的问题,那么,中国改革总设计师邓小平关于中国民主法制问题的论述就需要特引起人们的注意。本文旨在结合邓小平的有关论述,对中国法制(法治)发展战略中的几个关键性问题做一种初步探索。这些问题是:第一,中国民主法制问题的基本框架是如何构成的;第二,中国的民主法制建设为什么要实施分步推进战略,其中的主要制约因素是什么;第三,中国民主法制在把既定目标模式转化为一个成功的体制设计的过程中会遇到什么问题,有中国特色社会主义法治的体制框架可能是个什么样子。
Different from some social evolutionary legal systems in some Western countries, the ongoing legal construction in China is a kind of government-promoted legal system whose prospects depend to a large extent on the government’s strategic design and thinking of the legal system goals and steps, Depends on the government’s plan of action for the immediate and long-term goal of the integrated planning and timely and reasonable combination of promotion. If we say that the issue of the development strategy of China’s legal system involves such issues as “the legal system to go toward what kind of legal system” and “how to go to the legal system” of the legal system, steps and roads, then Deng Xiaoping, China’s chief reformist, attract people’s attention. The purpose of this paper is to make a preliminary exploration of several key issues in the development strategy of Chinese legal system (rule by law) in light of the relevant expositions by Deng Xiaoping. These questions are: First, how the basic framework of China’s democracy and legal system is constituted; secondly, why is it necessary to implement a step-by-step strategy in building China’s democratic legal system? What are the major constraints? Third, What problems will be encountered in transforming the established goal model into a successful institutional design? What is the possible institutional framework for a socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics?