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运动病易感者的诊断,对航天员和飞行员的选拔都很重要,有实用价值,但至今还没有一种简单而客观的方法去评价运动病的程度,仍采用对苍白、出汗、恶心和呕吐等症状和体征的评分方法来评定。cAMP与cGMP是许多激素和神经介质的第二信使,运动病发病涉及不同层次中枢活动,故cAMP和cGMP也可能会有相应变化。至今还没有人研究过这种变化。本课题研究目的在于观察用平行秋千刺激诱发运动病症状后,血浆和尿中cAMP和cGMP含量的变化规律,并探讨它们作为运动病客观指标的可能性。实验分两部分,一部分为动物实验,一部分为人体实验。动物实验用10只成年狗,雌性3、雄性7。用自身对照方法进行两次实验,一次为安静对照实验,另一次为秋千实验。秋千刺激:臂长6m,摆角45°(夹角),摆动至出现呕吐时停止,最长不超过30min。于实验前、秋千刺激30min和60min各取静脉血30ml。对照实验除不给予秋千刺激外与秋千实验相同。血浆cAMP和cGMP含量用蛋白竞争和放射免疫方法测量。人体实验为10名男性青年,年龄18～22岁,每人先作秋千实验,一个月后作对照实验。cAMP和cGMP含量测定方法和秋千刺激条件同动物实验,摆动时间最长不超过20min。考虑到今后的实用性,不取血,只在秋千刺激前后一小时取尿液进行cAMP和cGMP含量测定。结果:①10只狗在受秋千刺激诱发运动病后,半小时内血浆cAMP浓度和cAMP/cGMP浓度比值显著增高。前者由25.9pmol/ml增至39pmol/ml,p<0.05;后者由4.3增至8.1,p<0.001。②10名男性青年受秋千刺激诱发运动病后,1小时内尿量下降,尿中cAMp含量和cAMP/cGMP比值显著增高,cAMP由刺激前的223.7nmol/h升至270.6nmol/h,p<0.05,cAMp/cGMp由刺激前的32.2升至47.1升,p<0.05。尿中cAMp含量和cAMP/cGMP比值的变化,与运动病症状和体征评分之间有正相关关系,r和p分别为r=0.64、r=0.84和p<0.05、p=0.002。③人尿cAMP和cGMP浓度测定有希望作为运动病的诊断和易感性分类提供客观依据。此法比较简便,可以在航天员和飞行员的选拔和训练研究中应用。
The diagnosis of susceptible persons with motion sickness is very important and valuable for the selection of astronauts and pilots. However, there is no simple and objective way to evaluate the degree of motion sickness yet. The diagnosis of pale, sweating, nausea And vomiting and other symptoms and signs of scoring methods to assess. cAMP and cGMP are the second messengers of many hormones and neurotransmitters. The pathogenesis of motion sickness involves different levels of central activity, so cAMP and cGMP may also change accordingly. No one has ever studied this change yet. The purpose of this research is to observe the changes of cAMP and cGMP contents in plasma and urine after the parallel swing stimulation induces the symptoms of motion sickness and to explore the possibility of them as objective indicators of motion sickness. The experiment is divided into two parts, one part is animal experiment and the other part is human experiment. Animal experiment with 10 adult dogs, female 3, male 7. Two tests were performed with the self-control method, one for the quiet control experiment and the other for the swing experiment. Swing stimulation: Arm length 6m, swing angle 45 ° (angle), swinging to stop when vomiting occurs, the longest no more than 30min. In the experiment before the swing to stimulate the 30min and 60min each take venous blood 30ml. The control experiment was the same as the swing experiment except that the swing was not given. Plasma cAMP and cGMP levels were measured by protein competition and radioimmunoassay. Human experiments for 10 male youth, aged 18 to 22 years old, each swing experiment for the first, one month after the control experiment. Determination of cAMP and cGMP content and swing stimulation conditions with animal experiments, the longest swing time does not exceed 20min. Taking into account the practicality of the future, do not take blood, only one hour before and after the swing to take urine for cAMP and cGMP content determination. Results: ① The ratio of plasma cAMP concentration and cAMP / cGMP concentration in 10 dogs was significantly increased within half an hour after being challenged by the swing stimulation. The former increased from 25.9 pmol / ml to 39 pmol / ml, p <0.05; the latter increased from 4.3 to 8.1, p <0.001. ② The urine volume decreased within 1 hour and the ratio of cAMP / cGMP in urine and cAMP / cGMP increased significantly in 10 young men. The cAMP increased from 223.7nmol / h before stimulation to 270.6nmol / h, p <0.05 , cAMp / cGMp rose from 32.2 before stimulation to 47.1 liters, p <0.05. There was a positive correlation between the changes of urinary cAMp and cAMP / cGMP ratio and the score of motion sickness symptoms and signs, r = 0.64, r = 0.84 and p <0.05 respectively, p = 0.002. The determination of cAMP and cGMP levels in human urine is promising as an objective basis for the diagnosis and susceptibility classification of motion sickness. This method is relatively simple and can be used in the selection and training of astronauts and pilots.