在现代汉语中,惯用语是比较有特色的一类固定短语,它是在口语表达中形成的一种习惯性含义的固定词组。惯用语是一个国家语种及社会文化背景下的产物,是在人们长时期的使用、表达以及传播中产生的。汉语是我国第一大语种,它的产生和发展经历了漫长的过程,因此,使用汉语惯用语需要注意许多问题。留学生在学习汉语的过程中,习惯于借助母语的词汇来帮助自己理解和记忆,或是干脆将汉语惯用语生搬硬套在母语的语法及语境中使用,这便产生了母语负迁移的情况。然而,虽然留学生在使用汉语惯用语时存在许多偏误,但只要通过对其常见偏误加以分析,并根据分析制定出相应的教学计划,这种语言使用偏误是可以避免的。本文主要就留学生使用汉语惯用语的偏误进行分析,并总结其成因,为相应的教学提供一些建议。 In modern Chinese, idioms are a kind of fixed phrase, which is more characteristic. It is a fixed phrase with habitual meaning formed in spoken expression. Idioms are the product of a country’s linguistic and socio-cultural backgrounds and are produced during the long term use, expression and dissemination of people. Chinese is the first language in China. Its production and development have gone through a long process. Therefore, there are many problems that need to be paid attention to when using Chinese idioms. In the process of learning Chinese, foreign students are accustomed to using their native language vocabulary to help them understand and remember, or simply using Chinese idiomatic phrases in the grammar and context of their native languages, resulting in a negative transfer of their mother tongue. However, although students have many errors in using Chinese idioms, they can be avoided only by analyzing their common mistakes and making corresponding teaching plans based on the analysis. This paper mainly analyzes the errors of foreign students using Chinese idioms and summarizes their causes, and provides some suggestions for the corresponding teaching.