在今年的《政府工作报告》中,促进消费成为坚持扩大内需方针的重要一环,也是近年来政府宏观调控重大变革之一。在中国经济走出短缺时代,有效需求不足成为经济发展的主要问题时,鼓励人们增加消费,无疑是一种合理的选择。消费理论告诉我们,决定消费需求的因素是收入、价格和预期等。政府如何运用各种政策手段,影响这些变量,便成为促进消费能否奏效的关键。 In this year’s “Report on the Work of the Government,” promoting consumption has become an important part of adhering to the principle of expanding domestic demand. It is also one of the major changes in the government’s macro-control over the past few years. It is undoubtedly a reasonable choice to encourage people to increase their consumption when China’s economy is out of the shortage and the effective demand becomes the major issue of economic development. Consumption theory tells us that the factors that determine consumer demand are incomes, prices and expectations. How governments use various policy instruments and influence these variables has become the key to promoting consumption.