There Is Something about That Lunchbox便当里面的奇妙世界

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  Packing a lunch for kids to take to school can be a chore for many parents, but, in Japan, parents must pay extra attention to what they put in the lunchbox. It’s not just how the food tastes and its nutritional value that are important, presentation is key for Japan’s 1)bento lunchboxes.
  It’s lunchtime in this Tokyo nursery school. Once the children have finished their song, they can open up their lunchboxes and see what their parents have made for them. In Japan, a dry sandwich wrapped in 2)tinfoil just won’t do. The packed lunch has been turned into something of an art form. Rice balls and other ingredients are made into shapes and characters.
  给孩子装好午饭,让他们带去学校对许多家长来说不过是一桩平常的家务事,但在日本,家长必须对放到饭盒里的东西格外小心。因为对于日本的午餐便当来说,重要的不仅仅是午饭的味道或者它的营养价值,还有它的外观也很关键。
  在东京的这家托儿所,午饭时间到了。孩子们在唱完歌后,就可以打开他们的饭盒,看看父母为他们准备了什么。在日本,光是用锡纸把干的三明治包起来是行不通的。这里的盒饭已经演变成了一种艺术形式。饭团和其他食材一起被做成不同的形状和造型。
  


  So here we go. This one is a child who’s obviously got an artistic mother. This rice ball is made to look like a panda. Now, on this table there’re some great ones. Here’s Hello Kitty and a teddy bear. And right next to her friend, that’s a piano.
  Some people, of course, need a bit of help to learn how to make the perfect character bento, and, if they do, they can come here. This is the flat of Tomomi Maruo. The sign on her door says “Bento for Kids.” She is an acknowledged expert in the art. She’s featured on Japanese TV and there she gives lessons to other moms. Yayoi Uemura wants to learn how to make better bentos for her three children.
  Reporter: Can you describe what you’re making?
  Uemura: It’s the teddy bear, Disney’s character, and we’re making all these parts with the fishcake. We have this idea of how it looks, and precisions, and so I think that’s part of this culture I feel. Oh my girls, their expectation is getting high, and, you know, you have to sit next to other moms, so I…I feel pressure.
  The teacher, Tomomi Maruo, has kept photographs of her best designs, all extraordinarily realistic.
  Reporter: That’s a Nintendo Wii…Maruo: Yeah.
  Reporter: …I think.
  Maruo: Yeah.
  Reporter: …controller. And a remotecontrolled car. And what’s that one?
  Maruo: The Play Station’s remote controller.
  那我们来看看。这位小朋友的母亲显然很有艺术细胞。这个饭团做成了熊猫的样子。在这张饭桌上也有一些不错的。这个是凯蒂猫和泰迪熊,而她旁边朋友的午餐造型是一架钢琴。
  当然,有些家长在学习如何做一个完美的便当造型方面是需要他人帮忙的。那他们可以到这儿来。这里是丸尾友美的公寓。她门上有“为孩子做便当”的字样。她是艺术领域公认的专家,她曾经出现在日本电视节目,教妈妈们如何做便当。家长植村弥生想学会如何给自己的三个孩子做更棒的便当。
  记者:能告诉我你在做什么吗?
  植村:这是一只泰迪熊,是迪斯尼动画片的一个角色。我们用鱼饼来做这些部分。我们知道它的样子,它的精准尺寸。因此,我觉得这是我们文化的一部分。我的女儿呢,她们的期望值越来越高,你也知道,你坐在其他母亲的旁边,所以我……我备感压力。
  丸尾友美老师为她最好的便当设计拍了照片,看上去全都非常逼真。
  记者:这是任天堂Wii游戏机……丸尾:对。
  记者:我想是吧。
  丸尾:是的。
  记者:控制器。还有一辆遥控车。那是什么?丸尾:那是Play Station游戏机的遥控器。
   Reporter: And what’s that made out of? Maruo: Rice and seaweed
  Reporter: Rice and seaweed.
  Maruo: Um hm.
  Reporter: Who are these—these portraits? Maruo: Michael Jackson, …
  Reporter: Michael Jackson. And do you do
  this kind of character bento, every day?
  Maruo: Um hm. Um hm.
  Reporter: It’s very devoted. If you’re doing Maruo: Um hm.
  Reporter: …making a bento…
  Maruo: Um hm.
  Reporter: …of Michael Jackson. How long does that take you?
  Maruo: Peoples’ face [sic] are very difficult, so maybe it takes, like, two hours.
  Back in the nursery school, and there’s another song to mark the end of lunch time. None of it lasted very long. The cute pandas, the colourful characters, what took hours to make, has been 3)gobbled in a matter of minutes.
  记者:是用什么材料做的?丸尾:饭和紫菜。记者:饭和紫菜。丸尾:是的。
  记者:那些人物是谁?
  丸尾:迈克尔·杰克逊……记者:迈克尔·杰克逊。
  你每天都做这种造型便当吗?丸尾:嗯,嗯。
  记者:太专注了。如果你要……
  丸尾:嗯。
  记者:做一个迈克尔·杰克逊……的盒饭,需要花多长时间?
  丸尾:人脸很难做,可能要花上两个小时吧。
  回到托儿所这里,午餐结束时小朋友们又唱了一首歌,但这些盒饭露面的时间都不长。那些花了几个小时准备的可爱熊猫和多彩的造型,在数分钟内就被狼吞虎咽地吃掉了。翻译:旭文
  


  文化交流站
  日本的便当文化
  据说,“便当”一词最早源于南宋时期的俗语“便当”,意思是“便利的东西、方便、顺利”。日本的便当历史悠久,最早出现在古坟时代(大约四世纪至六世纪之间),那时的便当还很简单,就是把做好的米饭在阳光下晒干,叫做“干饭”,具有不易变质,便于携带,可以立即食用的优点。现在虽然日本很多幼稚园和学校都开始供应学生们的午饭,但是仍然有很多孩子带便当上学。白领上班族有一半的人每天会带上便当上班。
  日本的便当是一个极具日本特色的饮食文化。在日本,“有生活就有便当”。在很多人看来,便当不仅是一种充饥的食品,好吃与否在其次,漂亮迷人是更重要的指标。因此,融合了饮食美、绘画美、装饰美和动漫元素的卡通便当更是日本饮食文化中的奇葩。它让人在填饱肚子的同时,感到生活的情趣无处不在。
  卡通便当在日本又被称为“幼稚园便当”,妈妈们在给上幼儿园的孩子制作午饭时,为了让孩子有食欲、高兴而特别把食材做成花草、小动物等卡通形象。妈妈们制作卡通便当,在上世纪六七十年代非常盛行。不仅在幼儿园,而且在小学甚至中学阶段,孩子们在学校里都会以妈妈漂亮的便当作为炫耀的资本。
  日本每年都会新开发出一些便当商品,而为了推广这种日本传统的饮食文化,还会定期举办一些制作便当的比赛。
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