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目的探讨初产妇产后家庭保健状况及家庭保健知识和信息掌握的影响因素。方法对307例于产后42 d至产科门诊行检查的初产妇进行家庭保健状况的问卷调查。结果初产妇产后休养环境、产后用药知识掌握较理想,为高水平;产褥期卫生、活动与休息、新生儿喂养与护理、性生活及避孕等家庭保健知识为中等水平;而对产褥期饮食与营养、产后康复、异常症状的判断、产后心理调适等方面的知识和信息缺乏,为低水平。初产妇的产后家庭保健知识和信息受其文化程度、对孕产期保健的态度、配偶的文化程度、对产后保健服务可及性的感受及职业等各种因素的影响,总的影响程度为37.9%。结论医务人员应根据初产妇及配偶的文化程度、职业等因素,加强初产妇对孕期、产后保健,尤其是产褥期饮食与营养、产后康复、异常症状的判断及产后心理调适方面的保健指导,以促进产妇身心健康。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of postpartum family health status and family health knowledge and information masters of primipara. Methods A total of 307 primiparous women who visited the obstetric clinic at 42 days postpartum were surveyed for family health status. Results Postpartum rest and recuperation environment, knowledge of postpartum medication was ideal and high level; puerperium health, activities and rest, newborn feeding and nursing, sexual life and contraception and other family health knowledge were medium level; while the postpartum diet and nutrition, Postpartum rehabilitation, abnormal symptoms, postpartum psychological adjustment and other aspects of the lack of knowledge and information for the low level. Postpartum home health care knowledge and information of primipara are influenced by various factors such as their educational level, attitude towards maternal health, education level of spouse, feeling of post-natal health care accessibility and occupation, etc. The total impact is 37.9%. Conclusions The medical staff should strengthen the health guidance of primipara with regard to pregnancy, postpartum care, especially the diet and nutrition during puerperium, postpartum rehabilitation, abnormal symptoms and postpartum psychological adjustment according to the educational level and occupation of primipara and spouse. Promote maternal physical and mental health.