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目的:调查丽水地区婴儿巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染现状，总结CMV感染的相关因素，评估其对婴儿生长发育的影响，为CMV感染防控提供依据。方法:选取2015年1月1日至2017年12月31日在浙江省丽水市妇幼保健院、青田县人民医院、遂昌县人民医院、庆元县人民医院儿科病区住院且资料完整的2 254例婴儿的临床资料，所有入选婴儿均从出生随访至1周岁，筛查血清CMV抗体及尿液CMV-DNA，总结CMV感染一般情况、临床特点，单因素及多因素分析筛选婴儿CMV感染的相关因素，并跟踪随访至出生1年，分析CMV感染对婴儿生长、发育的影响。结果:2015—2017年丽水地区1岁以内婴儿CMV-IgM总阳性率为10.43%（235/2 254），CMV-IgM阳性率呈逐年下降趋，CMV-IgG阳性率随时间变化趋势不明显；CMV-IgM阳性率以1 ~ 3个月龄最高，为15.29%（61/399），随着出生时间的增加CMV-IgM阳性率下降；CMV-IgG阳性率随着出生时间增加而增多；不同性别婴儿CMV-IgM阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（n P>0.05）；CMV-IgG阳性率男性高于女性[65.43%（810/1 238）比55.51%（564/1 016）]，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）；感染组胎龄低于非感染组[（37.41 ± 1.63）周比（38.97 ± 0.97）周]，母乳喂养率高于非感染组[57.87%（136/235）比40.00%（40/100）]；感染组临床表现为血小板减少症、转氨酶升高、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎、肝脾肿大所占比例高于非感染组[18.72%（44/235）比1.00%（1/100）、29.36%（69/235）比13.00%（13/100）、26.81%（63/235）比10.00%（10/100）、9.79%（23/235）比0]，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）；胎龄、母乳喂养为1岁以内婴儿CMV感染可能存在的危险因素（n P0.05）；感染组1岁听力发育异常率及头颅B超异常检出率高于非感染组[13.62%（64/470）比1.00%（2/200）、6.38%（15/235）比0]，差异有统计学意义（n P0.05). The positive rate of CMV-IgM was higher in men than that in women [65.43% (810/1 238) vs. 55.51% (564/1 016)], and there was significant difference (n P<0.05). The gestational age of the infected group was lower than that of the non-infected group [(37.41 ± 1.63) weeks vs. (38.97 ± 0.97) weeks], and the breast-feeding rate of the infected group was higher than that of the non-infected group [57.87%(136/235) vs. 40.00%(40/100)], and there were significant differences (n P<0.05). Thrombocytopenia, the increase of transaminase, necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn, and hepatosplenomegaly of infected group is higher that of the non-infected group [18.72%(44/235) vs. 1.00% (1/100), 29.36% (69/235) vs. 13.00% (13/100), 26.81% (63/235) vs. 10.00% (10/100), 9.79% (23/235) vs. 0], and there were significant differences (n P<0.05). Gestational age and breast-feeding were possible risk factors for CMV infection in infants under 1 year old (n P0.05). The total abnormal rate of hearing development and the abnormal detection rate of B-ultrasound in the infected group were higher than those in the non-infected group [13.62%(64/470) vs. 1.00%(2/200), 6.38%(15/235) vs. 0], and there were significant differences (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:The CMV active infection rate of infants under 1 year old in Lishui is relatively high and decreases year by year. It decreases with the prolongation of birth time, and there is no gender difference. Gestational age and breast-feeding are the risk factors for active CMV infection in infants. CMV infection affects the hearing development and the brain development of infants under 1 year old, which is the main cause of hepatitis. It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of CMV infection, strengthen maternal perinatal health care, and strengthen the screening of CMV infection in high-risk groups.