治国之道,首在选才。封建社会中延续一千三百多年的科举制度与今天的高考制度都是选拔人才的有效手段,而且二者在精神实质、特点、功能、方式等方面又有许多相似之处。科举制度因其种种弊端已被历史所淘汰,今天的高考制度也是当今社会批评和争议的热门话题,因此考察古代科举制, Governing the country, the first election. In the feudal society, the system of imperial examinations lasting more than 1,300 years and today’s system of college entrance examination are both effective means of selecting qualified personnel. Moreover, there are many similarities between the imperial examination system and the college entrance examination in terms of spiritual essence, features, functions and methods. Because of its disadvantages, the imperial examination system has been eliminated by history. Today’s college entrance examination system is also a hot topic in today’s social criticism and controversy. Therefore,