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目的 了解 2 0 0 1年艾滋病 (AIDS)宣传活动在提高一般人群AIDS基本知识和改变针对HIV/AIDS患者态度方面的效果。方法 2 0 0 1年 12月 8～ 13日期间 ,在京、皖、闽、桂、鄂、湘、吉、川、晋、新、滇、粤 12个省 (自治区、直辖市 )的省会 (首府 )和随机各抽取的 1个地级市 ,采用在广场、商场或市区、火车站随机拦截行人 ,进行匿名问卷调查。结果 共收回有效调查问卷 6185份。电视、报纸是民众接触AIDS宣传的主要渠道 ,分别占 66 3 4 %、58 3 3 %。农牧渔职业AIDS知识最低。近半个月接触过AIDS知识宣传的人 ,在AIDS传播途径 ( 4 6 80 %、3 5 66% ) ,非传播途径 ( 14 45%、9 0 3 % ) ,预防方法 ( 59 0 4%、3 7 49% ) ,非预防方法 ( 56 3 2 %、42 77% )等知识的正确回答率 ,以及对HIV/AIDS患者持积极态度 ( 3 1 2 8%、18 63 % )等方面 ,均非常明显地高于未接触艾滋病宣传的人 (P <0 .0 1)。控制性别、文化程度、职业、年龄的影响后 ,接触AIDS宣传是提高AIDS知识和改善对HIV/AIDS患者态度的重要因素。结论 电视、报纸是民众接触AIDS宣传的主要渠道。AIDS宣传提高了民众的AIDS知识和积极态度。民众的AIDS知识水平仍然很低 ,尤其是对AIDS非传播途径还存在错误认识 ,需要进一步加大针对性宣传的力度 ,特?
Objective To understand the effectiveness of the AIDS promotion campaign in 2001 in raising the basic knowledge of AIDS in the general population and changing attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients. Method The provincial capitals (capitals) of 12 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) in Beijing, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Sichuan, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Fujian, and Guangdong during the period from December 8 to 13, 2001. Randomly selected a prefecture-level city, used randomly intercepted pedestrians in squares, shopping malls, or urban and train stations to conduct anonymous surveys. Results A total of 6185 valid questionnaires were retrieved. TV and newspapers are the main channels for people to contact AIDS propaganda, accounting for 66 3 4 % and 58 3 3 % respectively. Agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery occupations have the lowest AIDS knowledge. Those who have been exposed to AIDS knowledge in the past half month are AIDS transmission routes ( 4680%, 3656%), non-transmission routes (14 45%, 903%), prevention methods (59 0 4%, 37% 49% ), non-precautionary methods (56 32%, 42 77%) and other knowledge, as well as positive attitudes toward HIV/AIDS patients ( 312.8%, 186.3%). It is significantly higher than those who have not been exposed to AIDS (P < 0.01). After controlling for gender, education, occupation, and age, exposure to AIDS advocacy is an important factor in improving AIDS knowledge and improving attitudes toward HIV/AIDS patients. Conclusion TV and newspapers are the main channels for people to contact AIDS propaganda. AIDS propaganda raised the public’s AIDS knowledge and positive attitude. The public’s level of AIDS knowledge is still very low. In particular, there is still a misunderstanding of the non-transmission pathway for AIDS, and it is necessary to further increase the intensity of targeted propaganda.