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采用华北平原14个气象站点2002年—2007年的降水资料、76个站点的0—80cm厚度的土壤参数以及ETWatch系统计算的蒸散发量数据,运用水分平衡原理计算了灌溉需水量的空间分布;利用相关及多元逐步回归分析方法,定量分析了研究区灌溉需水量的主要驱动因素。结果表明:从山前平原到滨海平原,多年平均灌溉需水量分别为282mm(36.1×108m3)、238mm(37.2×108m3)和172mm(9.3×108m3),有逐渐降低的趋势。降雨量、小麦和蔬菜种植面积是影响灌溉需水量的主要驱动因子,降雨量多的年份灌溉需水量显著减少,小麦和蔬菜种植面积较多的区域灌溉需水量较高,而棉花和大豆种植面积较大的区域灌溉需水量较少。
Based on the precipitation data of 14 meteorological stations in North China Plain from 2002 to 2007, soil parameters of 0-80 cm in 76 stations and evapotranspiration data calculated by ETWatch system, the spatial distribution of irrigation water requirement was calculated using the principle of water balance. By using correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis methods, the main driving factors of irrigation water demand in the study area were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the average irrigation water requirement from the piedmont plain to the coastal plain was 282mm (36.1 × 108m3), 238mm (37.2 × 108m3) and 172mm (9.3 × 108m3) respectively, which showed a trend of decreasing gradually. Rainfall, wheat and vegetable planting area are the main driving factors affecting irrigation water demand, irrigation water demand is significantly reduced in years of rainfall, irrigation water is higher in areas with more wheat and vegetables, cotton and soybean acreage Larger areas require less irrigation water.