如何评价程高本在曹雪芹原稿基础上所作的语言文字修改?这是红学界一直存有争议的课题。大体上说是扬曹抑高,贬多于褒。笔者认为,应该具体问题具体分析,总体上可约略划分为三种情形:一是画蛇添足,不如原作精彩;二是锦上添花,后来居上;三是可改可不改,各有所长。第一种情形论著已甚多,不再赘述,本文拟着重谈后两种情形,试图在描述语言与人物对话等层面细致比较庚辰本与程乙本之差异与得失,以拾遗补缺,管中窥豹,更客观地评价两种版本之艺术得失。从汉语言文字表意的多义性、丰富性、模糊性等方面看,细致比较脂评本与程高本语言文字上的差异性,也是《红楼梦》文本阐释与汉语表意研究共有的课题。 How to evaluate Chenggao Cao Cao Xueqin original manuscript on the basis of the language changes? This is the red academia has been controversial topics. Generally speaking, Yang Cao depression, derogatory more than praise. The author believes that concrete analysis should be specific issues, generally can be roughly divided into three situations: First, superfluous, not as good as the original; second is icing on the cake, then come from behind; Third, can be changed can not be changed, their own merits. The first case has a lot of theory, not repeat them, this article will focus on the latter two cases, trying to describe the language and character dialogue and other aspects of Geng Chen Ben and Ben Bian carefully compare the differences and gains and losses, to pick up the vacancies, Objectively evaluate the artistic gains and losses of both versions. From the perspectives of polysemy, richness and vagueness of the representation of Chinese language and script, it is also a common topic in the text interpretation and Chinese ideographic study of A Dream of Red Mansions that meticulous comparisons of the differences between the language versions of Zhijingben and Chenggao.