本文采用 2 - VO方法对 Wistar大白鼠制作血管性痴呆模型 ,经 Morris迷宫实验检测其痴呆程度 ,通过透射电镜对轻度、中度和重度痴呆大鼠海马区神经元超微结构进行观察。结果显示 ,不同程度血管性痴呆时海马区神经元可见到不同程度的超微结构改变 ,其特征为神经元皱缩 ,细胞内胞质贫乏 ,核糖体、线粒体和内质网数量减少 ,胞浆内含有大量溶酶体和细胞丝 ,细胞核密度增高 ,有的染色体边聚成块 ,边界不规整 ,核仁与核膜溶解 ,细胞核膜内陷包裹核碎片形成凋亡小体。痴呆程度越重 ,超微结构改变越明显 The vascular dementia model was made in Wistar rats by 2 - VO method. The degree of dementia was determined by Morris maze test. The ultrastructure of neurons in the hippocampus of mild, moderate and severe dementia rats was observed by transmission electron microscope. The results showed that in different degrees of vascular dementia neurons in the hippocampus can be seen varying degrees of ultrastructure changes, which is characterized by neuronal shrinkage, lack of cytoplasm, decreased ribosome, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasm Contains a large number of lysosomes and cell filaments, the nuclear density increased, and some clustering of chromosomes edge, the irregular boundary, nucleolus and nuclear membrane dissolved, the nuclear membrane invaginated nuclear debris forming apoptotic bodies. The more severe dementia, the more obvious changes in ultrastructure