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目的研究不同喂养方式对极低出生体重儿喂养状况和肠道菌群的影响。方法选择60例符合条件的住院早产儿并随机分为两组,分别为母乳喂养组(母乳组)及早产儿配方奶喂养组(配方奶组),在生后记录喂养状况,并于3、14及28天时分别留取患儿大便标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测标本中的肠道乳酸杆菌及双歧杆菌。结果母乳组喂养不耐受的发生率为5例(16.7%),配方奶组为13例(43.3%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。母乳组在14天时肠道乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量分别为(8.62±1.35)cfu/g、(9.10±1.33)cfu/g,配方奶组分别为(7.32±0.80)cfu/g、(7.62±1.22)cfu/g,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。母乳组在28天时肠道乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量分别为(9.43±0.26)cfu/g、(9.97±0.54)cfu/g,配方奶组分别为(8.31±0.58)cfu/g、(8.54±0.53)cfu/g,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论喂养方式对极低出生体重早产儿喂养及肠道菌群的形成有明显影响。母乳喂养组患儿肠道的双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量高于早产儿配方奶喂养组,同时喂养不耐受发生率低于早产儿配方奶喂养组。
Objective To study the effects of different feeding methods on the feeding status and intestinal flora of very low birth weight infants. Methods Sixty eligible preterm infants were selected and randomly divided into two groups: breast-feeding group (breast milk group) and preterm infant formula group (formula group). The feeding status was recorded after birth, And 28 days were stool samples were collected from children, the use of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR detection of specimens of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Results Breast milk feeding intolerance in 5 cases (16.7%), milk formula group was 13 cases (43.3%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). The amounts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were (8.62 ± 1.35) cfu / g, (9.10 ± 1.33) cfu / g and (7.32 ± 0.80) cfu / g, respectively, in the milk formula group at 14 days 7.62 ± 1.22) cfu / g, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The numbers of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the breast milk group were (9.43 ± 0.26) cfu / g and (9.97 ± 0.54) cfu / g respectively at 28 days, and those in the formula group were 8.31 ± 0.58 cfu / g and 8.54 ± 0.53) cfu / g, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Feeding mode has a significant effect on the feeding of very low birth weight preterm infants and the formation of intestinal flora. The number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the intestine of breastfeeding children was higher than that of the formula feeding group and the incidence of feeding intolerance was lower than that of the formula feeding group of preterm children.