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目的了解依托孕烯单根皮下埋植的避孕效果以及对月经模式的影响。方法对869例避孕的育龄期妇女随机分依托孕烯单根皮下埋植避孕的434例为皮埋组,采用宫内节育器避孕的435例为节育器组,于术后1周及1、3、6、12、24个月随访观察两组避孕效果,并进行不良反应发生率分析。结果均顺利完成避孕手术,皮埋组2例受孕,避孕率99.5%;节育器组22例受孕,其中6例宫外孕,避孕率94.9%。皮埋组出现月经模式改变112例,痛经缓解68例,2例出现体重增加,2例出现痤疮;节育器组出现月经模式改变120例,痛经缓解10例,53例出现白带增多,42例出现疼痛,3例出现宫内节育器异位,1例过敏,均予以相应处理后痊愈,两组均无感染发生。两组间避孕率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),月经模式改变差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组间其他不良反应发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论依托孕烯单根皮下埋植比宫内节育器具有更高的避孕效果,不良反应更少,痛经缓解明显。
Objective To understand the contraceptive effect of single pregnancy with etoposide and its effect on menstrual cycle. Methods A total of 869 contraceptive women of childbearing age were randomly divided into three groups: 434 cases of subcutaneous implantation of contraceptives with pregnanene alone, and 435 cases of contraception using IUD as contraceptive devices. After 1 week and 1, 3,6,12,24 months follow-up observation of contraceptive effect of the two groups, and the incidence of adverse reactions analysis. The results were successfully completed the contraceptive operation, skin burying group 2 cases of pregnancy, contraception rate was 99.5%; 22 cases of IUD group were pregnant, including 6 cases of ectopic pregnancy, contraception, 94.9%. There were 112 cases of menstrual change, 68 cases of dysmenorrhea, 2 cases of weight gain and 2 cases of acne. The IUD group had 120 cases of menstruation, 10 cases of dysmenorrhea, 53 cases of leucorrhea and 42 cases of emergence Pain, 3 cases of ectopic IUD, 1 case of allergy, were treated accordingly recovered, no infection occurred in both groups. There was significant difference in contraceptive rate between the two groups (P <0.05) and no significant difference in menstrual pattern (P> 0.05). The incidence of other adverse reactions was statistically significant between the two groups (P <0.05). Conclusions The single subcutaneous implantation of etoposide has a higher contraceptive effect than IUD, with fewer adverse reactions and obvious relief of dysmenorrhea.