形式逻辑是研究思维形式的结构及思维的基本规律的科学,它所要解决的是思维的准确性问题。这门科学从产生到现在已经有两千多年的历史了,它是在同语法、修辞和辩论相结合的过程中发展起来的。无论是古代的论辩文、近代的政论文还是现代的新闻评论,都充分运用了这门科学的一些方法为自己服务,逻辑论证因此成为写作说理性文章时不可或缺的手段之一。毛泽东同志说过:“写文章要讲逻辑。就是要注意整篇文章、整篇说话的结构、开头、中间、尾巴要有一种关系,要有一种内 Formal logic is a science that studies the structure of thinking forms and the basic rules of thinking. What it solves is the question of the accuracy of thinking. This science has existed for more than two thousand years from its birth to now. It developed in the process of combining grammar, rhetoric and debate. Both the ancient argumentative essay, the modern political essay, and the modern news commentary have fully utilized some of the scientific methods to serve themselves. Logical argumentation has thus become an indispensable means of writing rational discourse. Comrade Mao Tse-tung said: "To write an article should tell the logic. It is to pay attention to the whole article. The structure of the whole story begins with the middle and the tail in the same way. There must be a