目的 提高对口腔颌面颈部神经鞘瘤诊疗水平,减少术后并发症。方法 收集我科1977～1997年住院治疗并经病理证实为神经鞘瘤的78例患者进行临床分析。结果 良性74例、恶性4例,男29例,女49例,年龄11～68岁,病程20天～10年,上颈部、腮腺、颌下、舌腭部位多发,主要来源于迷走、面、交感、舌、舌下神经。结论 神经鞘瘤术前诊断困难,术中诊断非常重要,发现与肿瘤相连神经应高度警惕。手术要在肿瘤内层被膜外摘除肿瘤,保留外层被膜。如重要神经损伤应即刻行神经移植。 Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial schwannoma and to reduce postoperative complications. Methods The clinical data of 78 patients admitted to our hospital from 1977 to 1997 and confirmed by pathology as schwannoma were analyzed. Results Totally 74 cases were benign and 4 were malignant. There were 29 males and 49 females, aged from 11 to 68 years with a course of 20 days to 10 years. The upper neck, parotid gland, Sympathetic, tongue, hypoglossal nerve. Conclusion Schwannoma is difficult to diagnose before operation, and intraoperative diagnosis is very important. Surgical removal of tumors in the inner lining of the tumor, leaving the outer envelope. If important nerve damage should be immediately nerve graft.