肺炎是日常临床中最常接触到的一种疾病,在日本是居死因第四位的重要疾病。近年来随着高龄人口的增加,肺炎对具有各种基础疾病的高龄者的生命构成重大威胁,因此其重要性更为突出。自古以来,在引起肺炎的病原体中,最重要的是肺炎球菌。近年来,由于耐药菌株的增加,肺炎球菌性肺炎 Pneumonia is one of the most commonly encountered diseases in daily clinical practice, and is the fourth most important cause of death in Japan. In recent years, with the increase of the elderly population, pneumonia constitutes a major threat to the lives of elderly people with various underlying diseases, and therefore its importance is even more prominent. Since ancient times, among the pathogens causing pneumonia, the most important thing is pneumococcus. In recent years, due to the increase of resistant strains, pneumococcal pneumonia